 Moss, considered a scourge in neatly trimmed, well-manicured lawns, is now becoming the groundcover of choice for damp shady areas. This lovely, springy-underfoot-stuff is a perfect fit for a shady grotto where it can be paired with ferns and delicate plants such as Epimedium or the beautiful Solomon’s seal.
There are hundreds of types of moss but here are four common types.
Fern moss (Thuidium) is also called feather moss and is distinguished by its lacy, fern-like fronds. Plants are green to yellow-green and grow on moist, shaded soil, humus, rocks, logs, or stumps on moist to wet, rich, sloping sites. Prefers very humid conditions and shade.
Rock cap moss (Dicranum) is typically found growing on rocks and boulders in the wild in places such as the Whiteshell area around Kenora. It’s a dense, medium to dark green moss that transplants fairly well into shady areas and onto rocks.
 Haircap moss (Polytrichum) is a fairly large moss, capable of forming a soft, lush, evergreen, carpet-like mat over large areas. It prefers moist, acidic soil and light shade, although it will grow in full or nearly full sunlight if the soil is moist. Haircap moss is one of the best carpet-forming species for large areas and light shade. It is tolerant of poor soil and slow drainage (but does need good drainage) and will stand occasional foot traffic. In the gardens of Japan, this species is grown more than all other moss species combined. This is probably one of the best moss species for the beginner.
Cushion moss (Leucobryum) prefers sandy soil and likes shade, but can tolerate partial sun. This moss is a light green colour with a silvery-white cast. It grows in a round cushion shape.
Moss generally needs moisture, humidity and shade with good drainage. Hot afternoon sun is a killer. Moss prefers an acidic soil, however some mosses will grow on stone and even cement.
You can encourage moss growth by creating a culture of moss. Do this by taking a hand full and putting it into your mixer with a teaspoon of sugar and a can of beer or an equal amount of buttermilk or yogurt or both – there are many recipes.
 Blend the mixture only enough to break down the moss, then spread it over the area you want it to grow on. Mist frequently for the first few days until it is established.
*Originally published on Manitoba Gardener Spring 2007 issue. |
